Living on e-waste

Living on e-waste

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On the outskirts of Beijing lies Dongxiaokou village, a place where old appliances come to die – and in some cases be born again.

The village is home to many workers who make their livings from discarded electrical and electronic products, or "e-waste," which they either repair or sell on as scrap.

. Dongxiaokou, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

From abandoned air conditioners to old refrigerators, there is no shortage of material for Dongxiaokou's mostly migrant workforce to use.

China has become the planet's second biggest producer of e-waste after the United States, according to the 2013 China International Environmental Protection Exhibition and Conference.

. Dongxiaokou, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

But the workers in Dongxiaokou do not make that much from the scraps.

Gu Zhaofang, pictured above, works with her husband, who has been picking up abandoned electrical goods in Beijing for a decade.

The couple labours seven days a week to fix, clean and dismantle the appliances. In a day, they are able to recycle around two or three air conditioners, earning some $8 for each one.

They use the money to pay their rent, and also to help support their family back in a poor area in Henan province.

. Dongxiaokou, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

The lives of Dongxiaokou’s residents – like the recycling worker pictured above – are soon set to change radically.

The village is facing demolition to make way for an ambitious urbanisation plan, and many of those who live there are worried about what will happen next.

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Slideshow

Mounds of garbage lie piled up after being abandoned by recycling workers.
. Dongxiaokou, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

Mounds of garbage lie piled up after being abandoned by recycling workers.

A worker pushes an air conditioning unit through the yard of her tenement house.
. Dongxiaokou, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

A worker pushes an air conditioning unit through the yard of her tenement house.

A puppy sniffs the ground next to scraps of electronics.
. Dongxiaokou, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

A puppy sniffs the ground next to scraps of electronics.

A recycling worker stands among old appliances.
. Dongxiaokou, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

A recycling worker stands among old appliances.

A woman dismantles a broken air-conditioner to sell its parts for scrap.
. Dongxiaokou, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

A woman dismantles a broken air-conditioner to sell its parts for scrap.

A worker cuts the cable of an air conditioning unit.
. Dongxiaokou, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

A worker cuts the cable of an air conditioning unit.

A garbage collector carries a sack of scraps abandoned by recycling workers.
. Dongxiaokou, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

A garbage collector carries a sack of scraps abandoned by recycling workers.

Laundry hangs to dry in the yard of a tenement house.
. Dongxiaokou, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

Laundry hangs to dry in the yard of a tenement house.

Recycling workers play a game of poker during their break.
. Dongxiaokou, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

Recycling workers play a game of poker during their break.

Children play on abandoned wood panels collected from a construction site.
. Dongxiaokou, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

Children play on abandoned wood panels collected from a construction site.

Children's shoes stand propped by the window of a tenement house.
. Dongxiaokou, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

Children's shoes stand propped by the window of a tenement house.

A boy looks out of the window of a school building, attended mostly by the children of recycling workers.
. Dongxiaokou, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

A boy looks out of the window of a school building, attended mostly by the children of recycling workers.

A woman makes dinner in the yard of a tenement home.
. Dongxiaokou, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

A woman makes dinner in the yard of a tenement home.

Children play while their parents recycle air conditioning units in the evening.
. Dongxiaokou, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

Children play while their parents recycle air conditioning units in the evening.

A woman washes dishes at a tap shared by other workers.
. Dongxiaokou, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

A woman washes dishes at a tap shared by other workers.

The yard of a tenement home is reflected in a broken television set.
. Dongxiaokou, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

The yard of a tenement home is reflected in a broken television set.

A man counts his money after selling recycled air conditioners to a vendor.
. Dongxiaokou, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

A man counts his money after selling recycled air conditioners to a vendor.

A garbage collector drives his tricycle through Beijing as he looks for recyclable scraps.
. BEIJING, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

A garbage collector drives his tricycle through Beijing as he looks for recyclable scraps.

A woman sleeps in a shop that sells recycled electrical products.
. BEIJING, CHINA. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon

A woman sleeps in a shop that sells recycled electrical products.

"Poorer garbage collectors... hunt for leftovers from the others, digging up the polluted soil with their bare hands."
Kim Kyung-Hoon, Reuters Photographer

Dongxiaokou village lies just on the outskirts of Beijing, but a trip there does not really offer a pleasant escape from the city centre. For Dongxiaokou is no ordinary village: it is a hub for rubbish.

For years, the area has been home to people who make their living by collecting and recycling electrical and electronic waste – from abandoned air-conditioners to fridges and TV sets. Several hundred families work to gather this “e-waste” from people in wealthy, downtown Beijing.

No one knows the exact number of people involved because many are migrant workers who don’t have licenses for their recycling businesses or permanent residency permits through China’s “hukou” system. They live on the margins in more senses than one, and as summer approached I went to document their lives.

When I arrived, I found the yards of the small tenement houses filled with stacks of abandoned air-conditioners. Villagers take apart these broken units and fix them, then hand them over to wholesale dealers who usually sell the machines to new owners in other rural provinces.

E-waste that cannot be recycled has a different destination: it is simply sold as scrap, flogged for 1RMB (16 cents) per 1kg after being dismantled by the recycler’s hammer and axe.

The amount of e-waste out there is growing and growing. China is now the planet’s second biggest producer of it, only behind the United States, according to information from a 2013 environmental conference. But villagers in Dongxiaokou have not really profited that much from the boom in electronic cast offs.

During my trip I spoke to Gu Zhaofang, whose husband has been collecting abandoned electrical goods in downtown Beijing for ten years. The couple work together to fix, clean and dismantle the waste, seven days a week, from early in the morning until night.

Each day, they are able to recycle about two or three air conditioners, and they earn around 50 RMB ($8) for each one. With this meagre amount, they have to pay more than 1,000 RMB (about $160) to rent their small brick house and send money back to family in their poor hometown in Henan province. They survive on the little cash that remains.

Conditions in the village are dirty. Dongxiaokou is short of proper sewage disposal and tap water; sanitation facilities are almost non-existent.

Pollutants from the recycling and disposal process have turned the water a strange colour, and the small stream in the village is tainted with a rancid smell. Mounds of abandoned garbage that cannot be recycled surround Dongxiaokou and children play on piles of waste.

According to the World Health Organization, direct contact with certain materials from e-waste can be dangerous – especially for youngsters. What’s more, just dismantling the equipment itself can cause injuries.

But this is not something that bothers the villagers, who just want to get by. The poorer garbage collectors, who cannot afford their own recycling business, hunt for leftovers from the others, digging up the polluted soil with their bare hands to find the last scraps of metal that have been left behind.

The costs of recycling, both to the environment and their own health, are far from the villagers’ minds. Many, instead, are concerned about the fact that Dongxiaokou is now facing demolition to make way for an ambitious urbanisation program.

Residents are worried about losing their homes and work. They don’t know where to go in the future with their e-waste. Once it was trash, but now it’s their treasure.