The dense rainforest in Brazil's Acre state is home to several indigenous groups, from the Huni Kui (pictured above) to the Ashaninka and Madija.
Survival is already precarious in the wilderness, isolated and far from any permanent medical facilities. Now the Ashaninka and nearby Madija tribe have come under further pressure, as uncontacted Indians have been encroaching more and more on their territory.
25 Mar 2014 . XINANE RIVER, BRAZIL. REUTERS/Lunae Parracho
A group of Indians raise their spears and gaze upwards as they react to a plane flying over their community in the Amazon basin.
They are members of an uncontacted tribe – defined by the rights organisation Survival International as a people who has no peaceful contact with mainstream society.
Both the Ashaninka and neighbouring Madija tribe report that these unknown groups have been increasingly encroaching on their area over the past three years, creating a source of conflict in this part of the Amazon rainforest around the Envira River, close to the border with Peru.
14 Mar 2014 . ACRE STATE, BRAZIL. REUTERS/Lunae Parracho
Txate (pictured above) is a 77-year-old leader of the Ashaninka tribe, and he is concerned about the incursions uncontacted Indians have made on his group’s land.
“They steal pots, knives, cloth. They live naked, speak another language and don’t want to talk. They are at war with everyone. If they get close they shoot arrows at us,” he said.
The uncontacted Indians – known in the region as “Bravos" or "Braves" – have come under pressure from illegal loggers over the border in Peru, according to members of the Ashaninka tribe.
“The Bravos are coming at us because Peruvian loggers are heading straight for them,” said Txate.
16 Mar 2014 . KOKASUL, BRAZIL. REUTERS/Lunae Parracho
The Bravos have carried out raids on other villages, putting communities along the Envira River on permanent alert.
The Indians have reaffirmed their decision not to fight the uncontacted tribes, but they are demanding that the Brazilian government take steps to help protect their territory.
12 Mar 2014 . IGARAPE DO ANJO, BRAZIL. REUTERS/Lunae Parracho
Avoiding any peaceful contact with outsiders, the Bravos have their own huts in the jungle and use forest trails.
A chief from the Madija tribe followed a path used by the uncontacted Indians and picked up several objects that they had left, including a small ceramic flute.
He gave the instrument to his son Binai, who is pictured playing it in the image above.
16 Mar 2014 . SIMPATIA, BRAZIL. REUTERS/Lunae Parracho
One Ashaninka couple, Poshe and Biana (pictured above) said that their three-year-old daughter Sawatxo had been taken by the Bravos some years ago.
She was kidnapped at night from their village Simpatia and since then they haven’t had any news of her.
25 Mar 2014 . ACRE STATE, BRAZIL. REUTERS/Lunae Parracho
Ashaninka leader Txate is worried about the incursions by the uncontacted Indians, but he understands their plight.
“The Bravos also no longer have anywhere to go,” he said.
7 Mar 2014 . ME TXANAVA, BRAZIL. REUTERS/Lunae Parracho
Aside from disputes over territory, life for indigenous communities in the region is difficult.
The area doesn’t have a permanent health clinic along the river, and a trip to find medical help can take up to 10 days, depending on the boat and the availability of gasoline.
In the image above, Huni Kui Indians mourn the death of a newborn child who was born in a boat on the Envira River as her mother tried to reach a hospital.
25 Mar 2014 . ACRE STATE, BRAZIL. REUTERS/Lunae Parracho
The Xinane River snakes through Ashaninka Indian territory, which is co-habited by uncontacted tribes.