Genocide on trial

Genocide on trial

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Indigenous women from Guatemala's Ixil region attend the trial of former dictator Efrain Rios Montt, who was found guilty on May 10 of genocide and crimes against humanity during the bloodiest phase of the country's 36-year civil war. He was sentenced to 80 years in prison.

. GUATEMALA CITY, Guatemala. REUTERS/Jorge Dan Lopez

Hundreds of people packed into the courtroom and burst into applause, chanting, "Justice!" as Rios Montt received a 50-year term for the genocide charge and an additional 30 years for crimes against humanity.

. GUATEMALA CITY, Guatemala. REUTERS/Jorge Dan Lopez

Rios Montt (centre) arrives at the Supreme Court of Justice for his sentencing in Guatemala City.

The former dictator, now 86, took power after a coup in 1982 and was accused of implementing a scorched-earth policy in which troops massacred thousands of indigenous villagers. He proclaimed his innocence in court.

Prosecutors say Rios Montt turned a blind eye as soldiers used rape, torture and arson to try to rid Guatemala of leftist rebels during his 1982-1983 rule, the most violent period of a 1960-1996 civil war in which as many as 250,000 people died.

He was tried over the killings of at least 1,771 members of the Maya Ixil indigenous group, just a fraction of the number who died during his rule.

. GUATEMALA CITY, Guatemala. REUTERS/Jorge Dan Lopez

An indigenous man speaks during his testimony against Rios Montt.

During the trial, which began on March 19, nearly 100 prosecution witnesses told of massacres, torture and rape by state forces.

. GUATEMALA CITY, Guatemala. REUTERS/Jorge Dan Lopez

The former dictator speaks during his trial. He denied the charges in court on May 9, saying he never ordered genocide and had no control over battlefield operations.

"I am innocent," Rios Montt told the courtroom. "I never had the intent to destroy any national ethnic group.

"I have never ordered genocide," he added, saying he took over a "failing" Guatemala in 1982 that was completely bankrupt and full of "subversive guerrillas."

. GUATEMALA CITY, Guatemala. REUTERS/Jorge Dan Lopez

A Rios Montt supporter holds a child and a Guatemalan flag tied with a black ribbon outside the Matamoros military jail, where the former dictator is serving his sentence.

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Indigenous women from Guatemala's Ixil region attend the 20th day of the trial against Rios Montt, who has now become the first former head of state to have been found guilty of genocide in his or her own country.
. GUATEMALA CITY, Guatemala. REUTERS/Jorge Dan Lopez

Indigenous women from Guatemala's Ixil region attend the 20th day of the trial against Rios Montt, who has now become the first former head of state to have been found guilty of genocide in his or her own country.

An indigenous woman stands with her face covered as she testifies in the trial.
. GUATEMALA CITY, Guatemala. REUTERS/Jorge Dan Lopez

An indigenous woman stands with her face covered as she testifies in the trial.

Rios Montt covers his face in court. For years he was not prosecuted for alleged atrocities committed during his 1982-1983 rule because of his protected status as a congressman.
. GUATEMALA CITY, Guatemala. REUTERS/Jorge Dan Lopez

Rios Montt covers his face in court. For years he was not prosecuted for alleged atrocities committed during his 1982-1983 rule because of his protected status as a congressman.

A woman testifies during the proceedings, which came after Montt retired last year and was ordered to face trial by a judge who found sufficient evidence linking him to the killing of more than 1,700 indigenous people.
. GUATEMALA CITY, Guatemala. REUTERS/Jorge Dan Lopez

A woman testifies during the proceedings, which came after Montt retired last year and was ordered to face trial by a judge who found sufficient evidence linking him to the killing of more than 1,700 indigenous people.

Cesar Calderon (right), a lawyer for Rios Montt (left), speaks during the genocide trial.
. GUATEMALA CITY, Guatemala. REUTERS/Jorge Dan Lopez

Cesar Calderon (right), a lawyer for Rios Montt (left), speaks during the genocide trial.

An indigenous woman from the Ixil region attends the 16th day of the trial.
. GUATEMALA CITY, Guatemala. REUTERS/Jorge Dan Lopez

An indigenous woman from the Ixil region attends the 16th day of the trial.

Rios Montt's intelligence director, Jose Rodriguez Sanchez, speaks during the last session of Rios Montt's genocide trial. Sanchez also stood trial but was acquitted on both charges.
. GUATEMALA CITY, Guatemala. REUTERS/Jorge Dan Lopez

Rios Montt's intelligence director, Jose Rodriguez Sanchez, speaks during the last session of Rios Montt's genocide trial. Sanchez also stood trial but was acquitted on both charges.

Indigenous women of the Ixil region listen to the court proceedings.
. GUATEMALA CITY, Guatemala. REUTERS/Jorge Dan Lopez

Indigenous women of the Ixil region listen to the court proceedings.

Rios Montt sits alone at his table in court after a session in the trial ended abruptly, when the former dictator's lawyers tried to suspend proceedings over a legal technicality and stormed out.
. GUATEMALA CITY, Guatemala. REUTERS/Jorge Dan Lopez

Rios Montt sits alone at his table in court after a session in the trial ended abruptly, when the former dictator's lawyers tried to suspend proceedings over a legal technicality and stormed out.

Kate Doyle, director of the National Security Archive's Guatemala Documentation Project and Evidence Project, who made public Guatemalan army documents describing the massacres of the early 1980s, attends a hearing at the trial.
. GUATEMALA CITY, Guatemala. REUTERS/Jorge Dan Lopez

Kate Doyle, director of the National Security Archive's Guatemala Documentation Project and Evidence Project, who made public Guatemalan army documents describing the massacres of the early 1980s, attends a hearing at the trial.

Rios Montt reacts as he is surrounded by members of the media after being sentenced on genocide charges at the Supreme Court.
. GUATEMALA CITY, Guatemala. REUTERS/Jorge Dan Lopez

Rios Montt reacts as he is surrounded by members of the media after being sentenced on genocide charges at the Supreme Court.

Nobel Peace Prize winner Rigoberta Menchu speaks to the media before the start of the first session of Montt's trial. After Montt was convicted of genocide, she said: "Today we are happy, because for many years it was said that genocide was a lie, but today the court said it was true."
. GUATEMALA CITY, Guatemala. REUTERS/Jorge Dan Lopez

Nobel Peace Prize winner Rigoberta Menchu speaks to the media before the start of the first session of Montt's trial. After Montt was convicted of genocide, she said: "Today we are happy, because for many years it was said that genocide was a lie, but today the court said it was true."

A woman dressed as Lady Justice protests at the entrance of the Supreme Court before Rios Montt's hearing.
. GUATEMALA CITY, Guatemala. REUTERS/Jorge Dan Lopez

A woman dressed as Lady Justice protests at the entrance of the Supreme Court before Rios Montt's hearing.

A quilt showing the names of victims of the internal armed conflict of the 1980s is seen outside the Constitutional Court.
. GUATEMALA CITY, Guatemala. REUTERS/Jorge Dan Lopez

A quilt showing the names of victims of the internal armed conflict of the 1980s is seen outside the Constitutional Court.

. Xiquin Sanahi, Guatemala. REUTERS/Mario Linares

Mayan Indians carry coffins containing victims of a 1982 wartime massacre in the Guatemalan village of Xiquin Sanahi. The bodies of 66 people were exhumed from at least six different clandestine mass grave sites.